Metal Spinning

Sheet Metal Forming – The Processes Involved

Sheet metal forming is the process of creating thin and flat pieces of metal. From this point they can be manipulated in any number of different ways, producing different shapes that are then used for the construction of many different every day materials and items.

The thickness of sheet metal is referred to as its gauge. Thirty is the largest gauge number and refers to extremely thin leaf or foil pieces of metal. Conversely, eight is the smallest gauge number and represents plate metal, which is thicker than 6mm.

Sheet metal can be formed out of a number of different metals depending on what is desired, such as brass, copper and steel. Silver, gold and platinum are also used in sheet metal forming, primarily for decorative applications, with platinum sheet metal also being used as a catalyst.

The processes involved in sheet metal forming require the application of force to metal in order to change its geometry, rather than removing any metal. Applying force pushes the metal beyond its yield strength, which results in the metal deforming. While the metal deforms, it does not fail, so it will still hold its shape once force is removed. The main types of sheet metal forming processes are bending, roll forming, spinning, stretch forming and deep drawing.

The bending process in sheet metal forming involves applying force to the sheet of metal causing it to bend at a specific point, forming the desired bend angle and overall shape. Bending results in the deformation along a single axis, although the bend may be over a small area or a large, depending on what is desired. Multiple consecutive bends can be used to create a more complex part.

Roll forming is a specialized form of bending, where the sheet metal is passed through a series of bending operations. This occurs along a line with a number of stations. Each of these has a roller on both sides of the sheet, and as the sheet is passed through the rollers it is deformed. This part of sheet metal forming results in a complex product which is dependent on the different rollers present at each station.

The metal forming process of spinning involves rotating sheet metal while applying force to one side. This results in the formation of cylindrical parts. These parts are all rotationally symmetric and hollow, and are used for items such as musical instruments, satellite dishes and cookware.

Stretch forming involves stretching a piece of metal by using weights on either side, resulting in the formation of large contoured metal parts. The final method of sheet metal forming is deep drawing; this is where the sheet metal is stretched till it matches the desired shape.

There are a large number of processes involved in producing the complex shapes that are used in many applications. Sheet metal is widely used, making sheet metal forming an important business.

About the Author

Daniel is the author of this article about sheet metal forming, if you want to find more information; visit Springfield Pressings

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